Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association

Table 1 Distribution of S. aureus, TC, TPC and total yeasts and moulds in the bread according to Alexandria districts, 2021–2022

From: Microbiological quality of some packed and unpacked bread products in Alexandria, Egypt

	District				Test of significance
	Al Montaza (n = 83)		Sharq (n = 85)		Test of significance
*S. aureus* (CFU/g)	N	%	N	%	\(x\) ² = 2.977 p = 0.084
Present	18	21.7	10	11.8
Absent	65	78.3	75	88.2
Total plate count (CFU/g)
Mean ± SD	1.4 × 10⁶ ± 8.5 × 10⁶		1.3 × 10⁵ ± 3.3 × 10⁵		U = 2252.0 p < 0.001*
Median (IQR)	1.64 × 10⁴ (56.98 × 10⁴)		70.0 (1.35 × 10⁴)
Min–Max	0.0–7.7 × 10⁷		0.0–2.2 × 10⁶
Total yeasts and moulds (CFU/g)
Mean ± SD	9.28 × 10³ ± 2.95 × 10³		5.97 × 10² ± 2.46 × 10²		U = 2259.5 p < 0.001*
Median (IQR)	1.0 × 10² (2 × 10³)		0.0 (100.0)
Min–Max	0.0–15 × 10⁴		0.0–2 × 10⁴
Total coliforms (MPN/g)
Mean ± SD	17.4 ± 120.6		17.4 ± 119.2		U = 3606.0 p = 0.577
Median (IQR)	3.0 (0.0)		3.0 (0.0)
Min–Max	3.0–1.1 × 10³		3.0–1.1 × 10³

p* significant at level < 0.05
IQR Interquartile range, \(x\)² Chi square test, U Mann–Whitney test; nonparametric used to compare quantitative variables in two groups, TPC Total plate count, S. aureus Staphylococcus aureus, TC Total coliform count, CFU/g Colony forming unit/gm, MPN/g Most probable number/gm, SD Standard deviation

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