Table 2 The Association of clinical/medical history of children with moderate/severe hearing loss with the outcome of cochlear implant, Egypt, 2021
Variable | Total | Good outcome N (%) | CORa (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender of the child | ||||
Boy | 100 | 42 (42) | 1 (r)b | |
Girl | 100 | 45 (45) | 1.13 (0.65–1.98) | .669 |
Age of the child (Y)c | ||||
≤ 3 Ys | 144 | 67(46.5) | 1 (r) | |
> 3 Y | 56 | 20 (35.7) | 0.64 (0.33–1.21) | .166 |
Age at the time of operation (years)c | ||||
≤ 2 Y | 143 | 68 (47.6) | 1 (r) | |
> 2 Y | 57 | 19 (33.3) | 0.55 (0.29–1.04) | .067 |
Significant Perinatal period conditions | ||||
Low birth weight | ||||
No | 117 | 43 (36.8) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 83 | 44 (53) | 1.94 (1.09–3.44) | .022 |
Asphyxia | ||||
No | 79 | 24 (30.4) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 121 | 63 (52.1) | 2.49 (1.37–4.53) | .002 |
Past /present history of comorbidities | ||||
ADHD | ||||
No | 102 | 37 (36.3) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 98 | 50 (51) | 1.83 (1.04–3.22) | .035 |
Other disabilities | ||||
No | 148 | 59 (39.9) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 52 | 28 (53.8) | 1.76 (0.93–3.32) | .08 |
Other diseases | ||||
No | 127 | 52 (40.9) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 73 | 35 (47.9) | 1.33 (0.74–2.37) | .336 |
Preoperative factors | ||||
Age of the child at onset of hearing lossc | ||||
≤ 8 months | 101 | 52 (51.5) | 1 (r) | |
> 8 months | 99 | 35 (35.4) | 0.52 (0.29–0.90) | .021 |
Degree of HL | ||||
Deep (≥ 91 dB) | 27 | 8 (29.6) | 1 (r) | |
Sever (71–90 dB) | 115 | 49 (42.6) | 1.76 (0.71–4.35) | .216 |
Moderate to severe (41–70) | 58 | 30 (51.7) | 2.55 (0.96–6.74) | .056 |
Family history of HL | ||||
No | 85 | 42 (49.4) | 1 (r) | |
First degree relative | 49 | 21 (42.9) | 0.77 (0.37–1.56) | .464 |
Others | 66 | 24 (36.4) | 0.59 (0.30–1.13) | .109 |
Parents know cause of deafness | ||||
No | 120 | 51 (42.5) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 80 | 36 (45) | 1.11 (0.63–1.96) | .727 |
IQ before operation | ||||
80–90 | 35 | 15 (42.9) | 1 (r) | |
90–100 | 57 | 25 (43.9) | 1.04 (0.45–2.44) | .925 |
100–110 | 66 | 29 (43.9) | 1.05 (0.45–2.39) | .917 |
110–120 | 42 | 18 (42.9) | 1 (0.40–2.48) | 1 |
Auditory performance scorecd | ||||
≤ 3 | 109 | 48 (44) | 1 (r) | |
> 3 | 91 | 39 (42.9) | 0.95 (0.54–1.67) | .867 |
Post-operative factors | ||||
Need for re-implantation | ||||
No | 194 | 87 (44.8) | ||
Yes | 6 | 0 | Not applicable | |
Regular post-operative vocal/verbal training | ||||
No | 21 | 4 (19) | 1 (r) | |
Yes | 179 | 83 (46.4) | 3.67 (1.18–11.35) | .037 |
The language used to communicate | ||||
spoken | 43 | 24 (55.8) | 1 (r) | |
Sign | 47 | 18 (38.3) | 0.54 (0.26–1.11) | .096 |
both | 110 | 45 (40.9) | 0.57 (0.31–1.01) | .096 |
Duration of using the device daily (hours)c | ||||
≤ 10 h | 123 | 60 (48.8) | 1 (r) | |
> 10 h | 77 | 27 (35.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1) | .057 |