Table 1 Potential measures to disinfect the viral loads on food products and related environment

Heat treatments

Environmental samples

90 min at 56 °C

60 min at 67 °C

30 min at 75 °C

SARS coronavirus

[51]

UV irradiation

Environmental samples

60 min

SARS coronavirus

[51]

Chemical treatments (ethanol 62–71%)

Small surfaces

Carrier test

1 min

Human coronaviruses (HCoV)

[23]

Sodium hypochlorite concentration 0.1%

Large surfaces

1 min

Human coronaviruses (HCoV)

[23]

Hydrogen peroxide 0.5%^a

Surfaces

1 min

Human coronaviruses (HCoV)

[23, 51]