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Table 3 Confirmatory factor analysis results

From: Development and psychometric properties of a questionnaire to evaluate sustainable waste separation behavior and environmental health promotion

Factors

Items

Structural barriers

Waste separation requires lots of space.

Because I need a separate trash can in the kitchen for separation, I do not separate wastes.

Moving the recyclables outdoors is difficult, especially in buildings without elevator.

Collecting recyclables causes an unpleasant odor.

Collecting recyclables causes disorder indoors and outdoors.

I like to separate wastes but I do not have the required space.

Due to non-cooperation of the municipality in the collecting recyclables, I do not separate the wastes.

Due to the lack of a comprehensive recycling plan, even if I separate the wastes, the wastes are still disposed of together and the separation would be useless.

Because the refuse collectors are not justified in terms of recycling plan, even if I separate the wastes, the wastes are still disposed of together and the separation would be useless.

Because of the lack of recycling bins in neighborhoods or apartment complexes, I do not separate wastes.

Because refuse collectors do not come at my door to collect recyclables, I do not separate wastes.

It is easier to carry unseparated wastes outdoors, so I do not separate wastes.

Because more garbage bags are required to be used at home, I do not separate wastes.

Because of the high cost of the garbage bag, I do not separate wastes.

Inadequate knowledge,

I do not know the methods and phases of waste separation.

I do not know which part of the dry waste is recyclable and needs to be separated.

Forgetting the act

I get confused to figure out which trash can each type of waste should be put into.

Benefit

Waste separation at home can reduce the pollution of the urban environment.

By separating wastes, I want to retain a better world for my children and future generations.

I performed waste separation so that they are reused as raw materials in the production cycle of factories.

I want to help create jobs in the community by separating waste at home.

I want to help reduce the amount of wastes in the city by separating waste at home.

I want to help postpone the filling of dumping areas by separating waste at home.

I help reduce the cost of waste transportation by the municipality through separating waste at home.

Inadequate social pressure

My spouse or family members do not participate in waste separation, so I do not separate wastes.

Waste separation only by me does not have much impact on improving waste management.

If I do not separate wastes, I will seem to be irresponsible.

I want to promote waste separation culture among others (children, other family members, neighbors, relatives, etc.) by separating waste at home.

Inadequate motivation

Because recycling is poor, waste separation at home is not important and effective.

Because waste separation is of little economic value to the family, I do not separate wastes.

Because collection of wastes at home is time consuming, I do not separate wastes.

Women do not have enough time to separate wastes.

Waste separation at home is unpleasant to me.

I am not in the mood for waste separation.

I think separating waste at home is unnecessary and pointless.

Daily separation of waste is boring for me.

Busyness makes it impossible for me to separate wastes.

I do not separate wastes because it is beyond my dignity.

Although I would like to separate wastes at home, I do not have enough time to do it.

Although I have enough time, I consider waste separation a waste of time and energy.

Environmental protection is not important to me.

I do not care what will happen to the collected wastes.

In my opinion, waste separation is the responsibility of certain organizations, not the citizens, and should be performed after the collection.

I do not separate wastes because of laziness.

Because I do not receive any money or goods in turn for the delivery of recyclables, I do not separate wastes at home.

The economic problems in our country take away the opportunity to think about the environment and its problems.

The real reason that authorities encourage people to separate wastes at home is to make more money for themselves.

I get paid for the recyclables I deliver, so I always separate wastes at source.

I intend to be more serious about waste separation at home in the future.