Table 1 Anthropometric and laboratory characteristics of the sample of overweight and obese women before and after the intervention (n = 95), Alexandria, Egypt, 2016-2017

Weight, kg

94.4 ± 18.5

85.1 ± 16.9

− 9.7

18.185

< 0.001*

Body mass index, kg/m²

35.8 ± 6.9

32.3 ± 6.2

− 9.7

18.118

< 0.001*

Waist circumference, cm

100.9 ± 12.4

92.6 ± 11.5

− 8.2

17.425

< 0.001*

Waist-hip ratio (WHR)

1.03 ± 0.07

1.00 ± 0.08

− 2.7

5.056

< 0.001*

Waist-height ratio (WHtR)

0.62 ± 0.079

0.57 ± 0.075

− 8.2

17.609

< 0.001*

Body fat percent, %

47.4 ± 4.4

43.7 ± 5.4

− 7.8

12.837

< 0.001*

Body muscle percent, %

29.0 ± 2.3

30.7 ± 2.8

+ 6.0

9.742

< 0.001*

Body water percent, %

38.6 ± 3.1

41.2 ± 3.9

+ 6.9

13.124

< 0.001*

Serum total adiponectin (μg/ml)

13.3 ± 4.9

18.5 ± 5.6

+ 50.2

8.701

< 0.001*

Fasting serum glucose (mg/dl)

89.9 ± 12.1

88.8 ± 12.1

− 0.22

0.813

0.418

Fasting serum insulin (μIU/ml)

10.3 ± 5.6

7.7 ± 3.3

− 13.6

6.376

< 0.001*

HOMA-IR

1.3 ± 0.7

1.0 ± 0.4

− 13.7

6.338

< 0.001*