Variable | Stunting | Underweight | Wasting | Overweight | Anemia | Under-5 survival | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urban | Rural | Total | Urban | Rural | Total | Urban | Rural | Total | Urban | Rural | Total | Urban | Rural | Total | Urban | Rural | Total | |
Household wealth quintile | ||||||||||||||||||
 Poorest (%) | 9.4 | 36.9 | 30.7 | 10.5 | 39.8 | 33.4 | 8.4 | 38.5 | 30.4 | 6.0 | 33.1 | 25.2 | 7.0 | 36.2 | 28.4 | 6.3 | 33.6 | 25.4 |
 Poorer (%) | 11.0 | 28.6 | 24.6 | 11.1 | 28.4 | 24.6 | 8.5 | 27.6 | 22.4 | 8.4 | 27.6 | 22.0 | 9.1 | 27.8 | 22.8 | 8.4 | 27.6 | 21.9 |
 Middle (%) | 19.0 | 20.3 | 20.0 | 19.0 | 18.8 | 18.9 | 17.7 | 19.5 | 19.1 | 15.5 | 21.5 | 19.7 | 17.4 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 15.8 | 21.3 | 19.7 |
 Richer (%) | 28.7 | 11.8 | 15.6 | 28.3 | 11.0 | 14.7 | 28.5 | 12.0 | 16.4 | 26.6 | 13.9 | 17.6 | 28.6 | 12.3 | 16.7 | 27.1 | 13.7 | 17.7 |
 Richest (%) | 31.9 | 2.4 | 9.1 | 31.1 | 2.1 | 8.4 | 36.9 | 2.4 | 11.6 | 43.5 | 3.9 | 15.5 | 37.9 | 3.1 | 12.4 | 42.4 | 3.8 | 15.4 |
 Overall (%) | 26.1 | 38.3 | 34.6 | 13.5 | 21.2 | 18.9 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 47.8 | 48.9 | 48.5 | 60.5 | 66.6 | 64.9 | 94.3 | 93.1 | 93.5 |
 Concentration Index value | − 0.1194 | − 0.0472 | − 0.1032 | − 0.1304 | − 0.0816 | − 0.1369 | − 0.0493 | − 0.0581 | − 0.0711 | 0.0144 | 0.0093 | 0.0060 | − 0.0486 | − 0.0264 | − 0.0402 | 0.0031 | 0.0024 | 0.0041 |
 SE | 0.0036 | 0.0018 | 0.0017 | 0.0055 | 0.0028 | 0.0025 | 0.0074 | 0.0045 | 0.0039 | 0.0017 | 0.0011 | 0.0009 | 0.0024 | 0.0013 | 0.0012 | 0.0004 | 0.0003 | 0.0002 |
P valueα | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Urban-rural comparison | ||||||||||||||||||
z-stat | 17.79 |  | 7.90 |  | − 1.02 |  | − 2.53 |  | 8.19 |  | − 1.57 |  | ||||||
 Difference in concentration index values | 0.0721 |  | 0.0489 |  | − 0.0088 |  | − 0.0051 |  | 0.0222 |  | − 0.0008 |  | ||||||
P valueβ | < 0.001 |  | < 0.001 |  | 0.309 |  | 0.012 |  | < 0.001 |  | 0.116 |  | ||||||
Mother’s educational level | ||||||||||||||||||
 None (%) | 29.9 | 52.2 | 47.1 | 37.3 | 62.2 | 56.8 | 36.4 | 64.9 | 57.3 | 26.3 | 48.3 | 41.9 | 29.5 | 53.9 | 47.4 | 24.9 | 47.8 | 40.9 |
 Primary (%) | 35.5 | 36.9 | 36.6 | 31.8 | 29.0 | 29.6 | 27.5 | 24.7 | 25.4 | 28.7 | 37.0 | 34.6 | 31.4 | 33.7 | 33.1 | 30.1 | 37.1 | 35.0 |
 Secondary (%) | 31.3 | 10.5 | 15.3 | 28.0 | 8.5 | 12.7 | 31.3 | 9.9 | 15.6 | 38.8 | 14.1 | 21.3 | 35.3 | 12.1 | 18.3 | 38.2 | 14.3 | 21.5 |
 Higher (%) | 3.3 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 6.1 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 6.8 | 0.9 | 2.6 |
 Overall (%) | 26.1 | 38.3 | 34.6 | 13.5 | 21.2 | 18.9 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 47.8 | 48.9 | 48.6 | 60.5 | 66.6 | 64.9 | 94.3 | 93.1 | 93.5 |
 Concentration Index value | − 0.1184 | − 0.0624 | − 0.0990 | − 0.1840 | − 0.1539 | − 0.1855 | − 0.1348 | − 0.1680 | − 0.1657 | − 0.0049 | − 0.0011 | − 0.0046 | − 0.0549 | − 0.0507 | − 0.056 | 0.0056 | 0.0057 | 0.0064 |
 SE | 0.0036 | 0.0017 | 0.0016 | 0.0055 | 0.0026 | 0.0024 | 0.0074 | 0.0042 | 0.0037 | 0.0017 | 0.0010 | 0.0009 | 0.0023 | 0.0013 | 0.0011 | 0.0003 | 0.0002 | 0.0002 |
P valueα | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.286 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Urban-rural comparison | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
z-stat | 13.97 |  | 4.94 |  | − 3.91 |  | 1.92 |  | 1.60 |  | 0.20 |  | ||||||
 Difference in concentration index values | 0.0560 |  | 0.0301 |  | 0.0332 |  | 0.0038 |  | 0.0043 |  | 0.0001 |  | ||||||
P valueβ | < 0.001 |  | < 0.001 |  | < 0.001 |  | 0.055 |  | 0.110 |  | 0.842 |  |