Table 4 Distribution of elderly subgroups according to their Groningen Frailty Indicator score (n = 390)
GFI score (total) | GFI score (dichotomous) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | p | Low (< 4), N (%) | High (≥ 4), N (%) | p | |
Total sample | 6.77 (3.41) | 73 (18.7) | 317 (81.3) | ||
Age (years) | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
65–74 | 5.16 (2.98) | 43 (30.5) | 98 (69.5) | ||
75–84 | 7.23 (3.21) | 26 (14.4) | 155 (85.6) | ||
≥ 85 | 8.90 (3.27) | 4 (5.9) | 64 (94.1) | ||
Gender | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Female | 7.67 (3.28) | 22 (11.1) | 177 (88.9) | ||
Male | 5.83 (3.30) | 51 (26.7) | 140 (73.3) | ||
Residency location | 0.07 | 0.25 | |||
Urban | 6.29 (3.31) | 26 (22.2) | 91 (77.8) | ||
Rural | 6.97 (3.44) | 47 (17.2) | 226 (82.8) | ||
Education | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Illiterate | 7.66 (3.21) | 21 (10.7) | 176 (89.3) | ||
Elementary and lower | 6.53 (3.22) | 24 (20.7) | 92 (79.3) | ||
Intermediate and secondary | 5.50 (3.53) | 14 (30.4) | 32 (69.6) | ||
University and highest | 3.84 (2.86) | 14 (45.2) | 17 (54.8) | ||
Marital status | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Single | 7.00 (3.63) | 3 (23.1) | 10 (76.9) | ||
Married | 5.87 (3.32) | 59 (26.3) | 165 (73.7) | ||
Divorced, widowed | 8.07 (3.10) | 11 (7.2) | 142 (92.8) | ||
Health coverage | 0.001 | 0.37 | |||
Yes | 6.37 (3.24) | 53 (19.9) | 213 (80.1) | ||
No | 7.62 (3.63) | 20 (16.1) | 104 (83.9) | ||
Self-rated health status | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Very poor and poor | 10.32 (2.57) | 1 (1.3) | 75 (98.7) | ||
Fair | 7.28 (2.59) | 13 (7.3) | 165 (92.7) | ||
Good | 4.34 (2.60) | 45 (39.8) | 68 (60.2) | ||
Very good and excellent | 3.09 (2.17) | 14 (60.9) | 9 (39.1) | ||
Financial perception | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ .0001 | |||
Very poor and poor | 8.93 (3.10) | 1 (1.8) | 55 (98.2) | ||
Fair | 7.17 (3.20) | 24 (12.7) | 165 (87.3) | ||
Good | 5.27 (3.18) | 38 (33.9) | 74 (66.1) | ||
Very good and excellent | 5.91 (3.47) | 10 (30.3) | 23 (69.7) | ||
Quality of life | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Very poor and poor | 8.32 (3.33) | 3 (8.8) | 31 (91.2) | ||
Fair | 7.19 (3.22) | 24 (12.7) | 165 (87.3) | ||
Good and very good | 5.98 (3.47) | 46 (27.5) | 121 (72.5) | ||
Practicing sportive activity | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Yes, regularly | 3.88 (2.65) | 28 (47.5) | 31 (52.5) | ||
Yes, irregularly | 5.10 (2.91) | 20 (38.5) | 32 (61.5) | ||
No | 7.69 (3.18) | 25 (9.0) | 254 (91.0) | ||
Social club membership | 0.001 | 0.01 | |||
Yes | 4.91(3.60) | 12 (35.3) | 22 (64.7) | ||
No | 6.95 (3.34) | 61 (17.1) | 295 (82.9) | ||
Morbidity | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
Yes | 7.33 (3.22) | 41 (12.9) | 278 (87.1) | ||
No | 4.24 (3.11) | 32 (45.1) | 39 (54.9) | ||
Number of Morbidities | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | |||
0 | 4.24 (3.11) | 32 (45.1) | 39 (54.9) | ||
1–3 | 7.27 (3.34) | 38 (14.1) | 231 (85.9) | ||
4 and plus | 7.66 (2.50) | 3 (6.0) | 47 (94.0) | ||
Having housekeeper in the house | 0.30 | 0.98 | |||
Yes | 7.11 (3.83) | 16 (18.8) | 69 (81.2) | ||
No | 6.68 (3.29) | 57 (18.7) | 248 (81.3) | ||