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Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association

Table 3 School and community factors associated with bullying behavior among the studied group

From: Prevalence and correlates of bullying and victimization among school students in rural Egypt

 

Uninvolved (n = 106)

Bully (n = 45)

P value*

OR

95% CI

Victim (n = 50)

P value*

OR

95% CI

Bully-victim (n = 275)

P value*

OR

95% CI

School factors

 Punishment in school

  Yes

53 (17.8)

24 (8.1)

0.726

1.1

0.6–2.3

30 (10.1)

0.243

1.5

0.8–3.0

191 (64.1)

< 0.001

2.3

1.4–3.6

  No

53 (29.8)

21 (11.8)

Ref

Ref

Ref

20 (11.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

84 (47.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Tool of punishment

  Beating

24 (15.4)

17 (10.9)

0.077

3.8

0.9–15.0

13 (8.3)

0.797

0.9

0.3–2.4

102 (65.4)

0.344

1.5

0.7–3.0

  Mortification words

22 (19.1)

7 (6.1)

0.719

1.7

0.4–7.8

16 (13.9)

0.801

1.2

0.4–3.2

70 (60.9)

0.849

1.1

0.5–2.3

  Others°

16 (21.3)

3 (4.0)

Ref

Ref

Ref

10 (13.3)

Ref

Ref

Ref

46 (61.3)

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Absence from school

  Yes

39 (28.3)

18 (13.0)

0.710

1.1

0.6–2.3

13 (9.4)

0.182

0.6

0.3–1.3

68 (49.3)

0.019

0.6

0.3–0.9

  No

67 (19.8)

27 (8.0)

Ref

Ref

Ref

37 (10.9)

Ref

Ref

Ref

207 (61.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Failure in previous years

  Yes

1 (5.6)

5 (27.8)

0.009

13.1

1.5–115.9

1 (5.6)

0.540

2.1

0.1–35.0

11 (61.1)

0.126

4.4

0.6–34.3

  No

105 (22.9)

40 (8.7)

Ref

Ref

Ref

49 (10.7)

Ref

Ref

Ref

264 (57.6)

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Entered 2nd round

  Yes

5 (12.2)

7 (17.1)

0.043

3.7

1.1–12.4

3 (7.3)

0.712

1.3

0.3–5.6

26 (63.4)

0.130

2.1

0.8–5.6

  No

101 (23.2)

38 (8.7)

Ref

Ref

Ref

47 (10.8)

Ref

Ref

Ref

249 (57.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

Community factors

 Insulting words in street

  Yes

26 (14.4)

12 (6.6)

0.838

1.1

0.5–2.5

13 (7.2)

0.843

1.1

0.5–2.3

130 (71.8)

< 0.001

2.8

1.7–4.6

  No

80 (27.1)

33 (11.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

37 (12.5)

Ref

Ref

Ref

145 (49.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Physical violence in street

  Yes

2 (3.4)

4 (6.8)

0.065

5.0

0.9–28.8

4 (6.8)

0.084

4.5

0.8–25.6

49 (83.1)

< 0.001

11.3

2.7–47.2

  No

104 (24.9)

41 (9.8)

Ref

Ref

Ref

46 (11.0)

Ref

Ref

Ref

226 (54.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Threatening by weapons

  Yes

1 (2.8)

4 (11.1)

0.028

10.2

1.1–94.4

3 (8.3)

0.097

6.7

0.7–66.1

28 (77.8)

0.002

11.9

1.6–88.6

  No

105 (23.9)

41 (9.3)

Ref

Ref

Ref

47 (10.7)

Ref

Ref

Ref

247 (56.1)

Ref

Ref

Ref

  1. OR univariate odds ratio, CI confidence interval, Ref reference category
  2. *Chi-square test
  3. °Teachers ignoring a student or not allowing him/her to attend their lessons
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