Table 4 Safe injection practices among the nurses in Beni-Suef, Egypt, and Qassim, KSA, 2017
From: Safe injection awareness and practices among nursing staff in an Egyptian and a Saudi hospital
Part II—31 items | Observations | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Qassim Hospital N (%) | Beni-Suef UH N (%) | Total | ||
There are posters/handouts for safety injection | 181 (72.4) | 205 (82.0) | 386 (77.2) | 0.007* |
R-There are needles outside its sheath or not disposed | 192 (76.8) | 204 (81.6) | 396 (79.2) | 0.225 |
R-Is there any needle separated from its syringe inside sharps disposal box? | 232 (92.8) | 244 (97.6) | 476 (95.2) | 0.008* |
Is there any sharps disposal box near patient care areas? | 234 (93.6) | 244 (97.6) | 478 (95.6) | 0.001* |
R-Are needles recapped after the injection? | 218 (87.2) | 218 (87.2) | 436 (87.2) | 0.553 |
R-Reusing the syringe between the patients | 242 (96.8) | 243 (97.2) | 485 (97.0) | 0.500 |
R-Keeping the syringe to reuse for the same patient again | 245 (98) | 243 (97.2) | 488 (97.6) | 0.772 |
R-Are sharps disposal boxes overfilled by more 3/4 of their sizes? | 227 (90.8) | 227 (90.8) | 454 (90.8) | 0.500 |
R-Are there any sharps used and not disposed in sharps disposal boxes? | 221 (88.4) | 220 (88) | 441 (88.2) | 0.501 |
After injection, are syringes or needles disposed off immediately? | 219 (87.6) | 215 (86) | 434(86.8) | 0.692 |
Does the injector use a new closed syringe every time before injection? | 238 (95.2) | 240 (96) | 478 (95.6) | 0.828 |
Does the injector prepare safety injection procedure on clean table or tray before injection? | 242 (96.8) | 241 (96.4) | 483 (96.6) | 0.500 |
Does the injector wash his hand routinely before intravenous injection? | 217 (86.8) | 216 (86.4) | 433 (86.6) | 0.500 |
Does the injector wear new gloves before intravenous injection? | 235 (94) | 228 (91.2) | 463 (92.6) | 0.350 |
Is the injection skin site cleansed and disinfected before the injection? | 234 (93.6) | 238 (95.2) | 472 (94.4) | 0.560 |
Is there an available separate clean area for preparing medications? | 223 (89.2) | 208 (83.2) | 431 (86.2) | 0.034* |
Are all items for safe injection prepared on a clean tray? | 235 (94.0) | 198 (79.2) | 433 (86.6) | 0.001* |
Does the injector use sterile and closed syringe/IV cannula? | 243 (97.2) | 245 (98) | 488 (97.6) | 0.390 |
Using ready-made sterile water or manufacturer’s water for dilution of drugs | 242 (96.8) | 241 (96.4) | 483 (96.6) | 0.500 |
Make sure of expire and validity of drugs as exposure to heat or light | 217 (86.8) | 244 (97.6) | 461 (92.2) | 0.001* |
Disinfection of the medication self-sealed rubber cap especially the multiple dose ones | 202 (80.8) | 208 (83.2) | 410 (83.0) | 0.280 |
Disinfectants are stored and refilled in a correct method | 230 (92) | 244 (97.6) | 474 (94.8) | 0.008* |
There is complete separation between storage and patient care areas | 242 (96.8) | 242 (96.8) | 484 (96.8) | 0.660 |
Assure fixation of the IV cannula site | 245 (98.0) | 219 (87.6) | 464 (92.8) | 0.001* |
Apply aseptic non touch technique | 238 (95.2) | 206 (82.4) | 444 (88.8) | 0.001* |
Medical plaster is not contaminated (dealing with it so as not to contaminate) | 218 (87.2) | 225 (90) | 443 (88.6) | 0.199 |
A gauze barrier is used when breaking glass ampoules to prevent stick injury | 202 (80.8) | 205 (82.0) | 407 (81.4) | 0.409 |
Clean, disposable, single-use gloves are used for each patient | 230 (92.0) | 166 (66.4) | 396 (79.2) | 0.001* |
Hand washing or alcohol hand rub is used before wearing gloves | 195 (78.0) | 230 (92) | 425 (85.0) | 0.001* |
Preparing patient’s skin is done in an appropriate aseptic method | 244 (97.6) | 217 (86.8) | 461 (92.2) | 0.001* |
No touch of the injected vein after preparation (asepsis) | 242 (96.8) | 235 (94) | 477 (95.4) | 0.100 |